当前接近中心性对关键研发者创造力的影响

The Effect of Current Closeness Centrality on the Creativity of Key Inventors

[目的/意义]打破以往基于单一性质的静态组织网络研究局限,分析以时间为基础的动态网络研究范式下正式和非正式组织网络中接近中心性的作用机制。研究结论对动态组织网络理论的拓展、网络动态变化对关键研发者创造力的影响以及企业创新网络设计均有重要意义。[方法/过程]基于国内电子信息和机动车行业的46家高新技术企业1995-2010年的发明和实用新型专利数据构建研发者合作创新网络,并利用负二项回归模型分析了当前接近中心性和当前及以往的结构洞数量特征的交互作用对252名关键研发者创造力的影响。[结果/结论]结果表明:当前创新合作关系网络中,当前接近中心性越大,关键研发者的创造力越高;当前接近中心性与当前及以往结构洞的值越大,关键研发者的创造力越高。但当前接近中心性与以往结构洞的交互作用存在时间窗口敏感性和网络记忆的衰减特征。

[ Purpose/Significance ] This research breaks limitations of the previous researches of focusing on a single and static organization network analysis, and analyzes the mechanism of closeness centrality under the paradigm of dynamic network research, including both the formal and informal network. The conclusion is very important to expand the dynamic network theory and analyze the influence of network dynamic change on key inventors′ creativity, as well as to design enterprise innovation network. [ Method/Process] Based on patent data of 46 major domestic electronic information and vehicle industry enterprises in the period of 1995-2010, using negative binomial regression model, we analyze the effect of the interaction of the current closeness centrality and both current and past structural holes on the 252 key inventors′ creativity. [ Result/Conclusion] The analysis results show that the higher the current closeness centrality of key inventors is, the higher their creativity will be, especially when there are more current and past structural holes in the current collaborative networks. But the interaction effect of current closeness centrality and past structural holes on the creativity of key inventors will be weakened or vanish as the time window becomes longer, which means this effect is time window sensitive and network memory will decay along with time.