印度笈多风格佛教乐舞图像意义考——以阿旃陀石窟为中心

Research on the Meaning of Buddhist Dance Images with Indian Gupta Style: Focusing on Ajanta Caves

笈多王朝是印度佛教美术的兴盛时期,笈多风格的佛教造像将内省深层的精神与单纯高贵的肉体结合,是印度古典主义艺术的杰出代表。但这种注入静谧冥想精神的转变也客观影响了其乐舞形象的塑造。本文从图像学视角,以印度笈多时代、后笈多时代的阿旃陀石窟的雕像、壁画等文物的图像资料结合相关历史的文本资料,对笈多风格佛教乐舞图像的雕塑、壁画的类别、构图、母题、艺术风格进行论述与文化阐释,为佛教乐舞领域的研究做出相应努力。

Gupta dynasty is a period when the Indian Buddhist art is prosperous. The Buddhist statues of Gupta style is an excellent representative of classical art works in India that the spirit of deep introspection combines with pure noble body. However the transformation,which is invigorated with the spirit of tranquility and meditation,objectively affect the shape of Buddhist dance image.This paper makes a discussion on the category,composition,motif and artistic style of the Buddhist dance images with Indian Gupta Style in a perspective of iconology based on image materials of the Ajanta sculptures and paintings in Gupta era and post Gupta era,combining with the text materials of relevant history. In sum,this paper has a function of enlightenment for the in-depth study of Buddhism dance.