江苏城乡居民收入差距的现状、原因与运行趋势

The Actuality,Causes and Trends of Income Gap between Urban and Rural Residents in Jiangsu Province

改革开放以来,江苏城乡居民收入差距总体呈扩大趋势,但按统计口径,收入分配不平等情况并不严重。对此,我们进行了重新估算,实际结果是城乡收入差距自2003年以来均在3倍以上,基尼系数一直是大于0.4,即收入分配并不在合理区间。导致收入分配不平等的原因既有经济自身因素,也有政策和制度方面因素。如果能继续深化改革,尤其是深化户籍与土地制度等变革,让人口与土地等要素自由流动,使农业得以发展、农民收入得以提高,那么,江苏城乡居民收入差距在未来将会呈不断缩小的趋势。

Since the reform and opening up,the income gap between urban and rural residents in Jiangsu has been showing an expansion trend.But according to the statistics,inequality of income distribution is not serious.In this regard,we conducted a re-estimate,the result of which is that the actual urban-rural income gap has more than tripled since 2003, and the Gini coefficient has been greater than 0.4,meaning that the income distribution is not within a reasonable range. The causes of income inequality are not only economic factors but also policy and institutional factors.If the reform is deepened,especially deepening the reform of household registration and land system,making the population,land and other elements free flow,making agriculture be developed,making farmers＆#39;income be increased,then the income gap be-tween urban and rural residents in the next period of time will be of a constantly shrinking trend.