汉语截省句再议——兼与傅玉商榷

On Chinese Sluicing: A Discussion with Fu Yu

傅玉的相关研究将汉语论元类截省界定为移位截省,并认为"是什么""是谁"为含pro的假截省。本研究从调查和论证层面认为:傅的相关界定不符合汉语句法事实,pro假截省的设定违背了pro的相关句法属性。汉语截省结构的语义句法属性是:论元类截省由非定指DP焦点询问截省而来;非论元类截省由添加焦点询问截省而来。"是什么"和"是谁"也是截省结构,只有"是什么"中焦点标记语"是"为必须,因为名词指称"什么"不含焦点信息,不能实现焦点询问。本研究还探讨了傅文非论元类截省辖域解读句法推导的相关问题。

Fu's study made attempts to define Chinese sluicing as omission after move and consider shi shenme and shi shui structures as pseudo-sluices with pro. The linguistic investigation and theoretical reexamination conducted by the present study shows that Fu's arguments violate Chinese syntactic truth and the designation of the pseudo-sluices with pro is not in accordance with the syntactic features of pro. The Chinese argument sluicing derives itself from omission after focus question of indefinite NP while the non-argument from omission after inserting focus question. shi shenme and shi shui structures are sluicing and only the focus marker shi in shi shenme cannot be deleted since the referentialshenme contains no focus and the deletion of this marker leads to failure of focus question. The present study also discusses the derivation of the non-argument sluice of narrow interpretation in Fu's study.