“大不了VP”的极性估测及其意志力

The Polarity Estimation of “dabuliao VP” and Its Willpower

本文探讨"大不了"从形容词演变为副词的语法化进程,指出语义的衍生、句法的移位以及语用的简略综合起来才达到整体固化的效果。副词"大不了"修饰的VP尽管具有三类不同的语义倾向,但都隐含某种"极性估测"。该构式表面上显示的是不以为然的主观情态,深层次凸显的则是说话人不可动摇的"强意志力"。在挖掘主观情态的同时需要特别关注说话人传递的"意志力",这才是该构式的核心语义。在第二语言汉语教学中,区分"大不了"的不同类型,了解"大不了VP"构式的极性预测与意志力,具有非常重要的应用价值。

This article discusses the grammaticalization process of ＂dabuliao＂ from an adjective to an adverb and points that only when semantic derivation, syntactic moving, pragmatic simplicity combines together, can it achieve the overall effect of consolidation. Although the VP modified by adverb ＂dabuliao2＂ has three different semantic orientation, the key is to imply some kind of ＂polarity estimation＂. The construction shows subjective modality of disapproving on the surface, but deeply highlights the speaker＇s ＂unshakable willpower＂. While excavating the subjective modality, we must pay special attention to the speaker＇s ＂will power＂, which is the core meaning of the construction. In the international Chinese language teaching, distinguish different types of ＂dabuliao＂, understand the polarity estimation and willpower of ＂dabuliao VP＂ is of very important application value.