现代汉语副词“也”的功能视角研究

The Chinese Function Word “ye”: A Functional Approach

现代汉语副词"也"的多义性是汉语学界研究的一个热点,然而目前学界对"也"字意义的解释不够系统,对其义项也尚未形成统一的认识。本文基于系统功能语言学语义和句法理论对副词"也"进行了系统的考察,以期明确副词"也"在不同情况下所表达的各种意义及其相应的句法功能。研究结果表明:在语义层面,副词"也"主要表达逻辑意义和人际意义。逻辑意义主要涵盖追加、条件、让步、转折和假设/因果逻辑语义关系;人际意义主要指委婉和强调的情态意义。在句法层面,"也"对应逻辑意义说明连接词或粘合词成分,对应人际意义说明推断状语或推断语成分。

Recent literature has paid abundant attention to the polysemy of Chinese function word ＂ye＂, yet the existing studies are in lack of a systemic description and there is not a unified understanding as to the meanings of ＂ye＂. This paper discusses functions of ＂ye＂ within the framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics, with the aim to specify its meanings in different contexts and the corresponding syntactic elements it expounds. The research results show that the adverb ＂ye＂ may express logical and interpersonal meanings. The logical meaning includes addition, condition, concession, postulation and result; and the interpersonal meaning is mainly confined to modality of euphemism and emphasis. Corresponding with its logical and interpersonal meanings, the adverb ＂ye＂ expounds respectively the Linker or the Binder element, and the Inferential Adjunct or the Inferer element in the concerned syntactic structure.