叙事语篇难度级差及其参数关联

Research on the Grade of Difficulty of Narrative Text and the Related Parameters

本文按照复杂度将话题链分为三种类型,不同类型的话题链在成人、儿童语篇中表现不同。单一型在低难度儿童语篇中占绝对优势,而种属型、主次型主要出现在高难度成人叙事语篇中。链中小句延续量值、话题管辖功能、话题辖域也在不同难度等级语篇中具有区分度。小句时间排列维度是低难度语篇的显著特征;小句前后景设置也是评判难度等级的标志。由于话题链、小句排列模式在儿童、成人不同难度等级语篇中有不同的表现,因此成为评判语篇难度级差的重要参数。

This paper divided the topic chain into three types according to its complexity, different types shows differently in both Children＇ and adults＇ Text. Simplicity capture overall supremacy. While others mainly appear in adults text. Continuity of clause, control of topic, scope of topic distinguish Children＇ texts from adults＇ one. It is characteristics for Children＇s text to line its clauses according to time order; Back-grounding and fore-grounding are also the criterion to criticize the grade of difficulty; Both Topic chain and sequence of clauses are important parameters to judge the difficulty from text perspective.