清水江流域的经营开发与木材采运活动

Business Operation and Logging and Transporting in the Qingshuijiang River Area

清水江流域的经略开发过程,本质上也是华夷秩序重建的历史过程。作为连接云贵高原与江南腹地的重要交通水道,清水江发挥了推动族群文化交流互动的重要作用,不仅见证了动态性的历史变迁发展,而且体现了河流文明的风格特征。依托水道运输兴盛起来的木材贸易活动,主要由下游沅江溯江而上,率先开发清水江下游及中游的天柱、锦屏等地区,至清雍正年间以后,才开始深入"苗疆"腹地,形成范围广袤的木材贸易经济文化圈,推动当地打破族群界划,朝着内地化的方向发展。至于历史性形成的"内三江"与"外三江",主要围绕"江利"展开各种争斗,既反映了经济中心由下游向上游的移动,也表征了地缘落差所造成的利益搏弈,当也是区域内部秩序重建的必然现象,折射出社会变迁的整体发展趋势。秩序重建的力量固然离不开国家行政权力的参与,更重要的是地方草根性文化因素的活跃,二者均为社会变迁不可忽视的诱导动因,当然也是区域学分层研究必须关注的现象。

The business operation in the Qingshuijiang River area is in fact a historical process for the people to link each other on the Yunnan -Guizhou Plateau and in south China. Logging and transporting,as an important trade activity,has been conducive to the e-conomic development and social transformation of the minority areas in southeast Guizhou known as Miao Areas. It is argued that both local force and national adminis-trative power have played an important role in the process.