美国早期教育学课程与师范学校的历史宿命及启示

Early pedagogical courses and the historical fate of the normal school in USA

教育学课程在美国发端于19世纪40年代前后开始兴建的师范学校,最初门类较少、内容表浅、教学方式简单。师范学校发展的中后期,教育学课程的内涵和外延有所发展和扩大。然而,由于师范学校的历史局限,教育学难以在师范学校获得实质性的进展。伴随着师范学校消失的历史命运,教育知识实现了大学化、学科化,获得了更大的发展生机。此历史过程可对中国相关问题形成观照。

Pedagogical courses in the United States began in the 1840 swith the early construction of the normal school.Firstly there were only a few disciplines,superficial contents and simple teaching methods.The later development of the normal school saw the enrichment of the pedagogical courses.However,due to the historical limitations of the normal school,pedagogy could make no substantial progress in the normal school.With the disappearance of the normal school in USA,colleges and universities began to impart pedagogical knowledge in different branches of learning,which resulted in its greater vitality.This historical fact can shed much light on the solution of similar problems in China.