论霍姆斯的“逻辑”和“经验”

On Holmes' Topic of Logic and Experience

"法律的生命一直不是逻辑,而是经验"这一经典名言被当作是霍姆斯"反逻辑"的法理学口号。但是,对霍姆斯文本的全面考察就会发现,他所反对的是逻辑学的一种特定形式。霍姆斯的"经验"不仅表明正统逻辑在法律裁决中并不起主要作用,而且在其中蕴藏着补充正统逻辑的"天然逻辑"或"新逻辑"的萌芽。因而,挖掘经验中的新逻辑,提取丰富的法律论证形式,甚至更一般的逻辑形式,构成发展霍姆斯论点的一种新的可能性。

The classical saying ＂The Life of the law has not been logic, it has been experience＂ has been re- garded as the Anti-logic jurisprudence slogan of Holmes. Yet an overall study of the text of Holmes makes it clear that what he opposes is a particular form of logic. The Experience in Holmes＇ view not only indicates that formal log- ic does not play a chief role in legal judgment, but also implies the seed of Natural Logic or New Logic which is com- plementary to formal logic. Therefore, digging up the new logic, extracting the rich forms of legal argument, even the more general logical forms in experience, make up a new possibility of developing the argument of Holmes.