四川省农村面源污染状况与治理对策研究

Environmental Protection Countermeasures Against Rural Non-point Pollution Sources in Sichuan Province

四川省农村面源主要分为农田面源、畜禽养殖粪便污染面源和农村生活污染面源,研究根据排放因子法计算了两种主要考核污染物化学需氧量和氨氮的排放量。根据四川省农村面源污染状况特征提出了面源治理对策措施,其中农田面源治理措施包括:推广测土配方施肥、农田面源生态拦截技术等;畜禽养殖污染治理措施包括:加强小型畜禽养殖污染治理,推广农牧结合、干清粪、发酵床处理工艺等;农村生活污染治理措施包括:推进农村生活污水收集及小型污水处理设施等。

Rural non- point source pollution is mainly divided into agricultural non -point source, livestock excrement non - point source and rural life non - point source pollution. Based on the emission factor method, this study calculated the two main pollutants（ COD and NH3 - N） emissions and researched on the environmental protection countermeasures against rural non - point source pollution. Agricultural non - point source pollution control measures include ： promoting soil testing and fertilizer recommen- dation, scientific and safe use of pesticides, agricultural tail water collection and treatment, ecological interception technology, etc. Livestock and poultry non - point source pollution control measures include ： strengthen the pollution control of small livestock and poultry farmers, integration of agriculture and husbandry for treating non - point source pollution, promoting dry cleaning process, fermentation bed treatment technology, etc. Rural life pollution control measures include：promoting the construction of rural sewage collection and treatment infrastructure, promoting the application of small sewage treatment facilities in rural areas, etc.