经皮穴位电刺激及右美托咪啶镇静镇痛效果的脑电图研究

Electroencephalogram of Sedation and Analgesia Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoints Stimulation and Dexmedetomidine

脑电图自80年代兴起以来,作为一种安全、无创伤的医学检测方法在许多脑神经和组织的疾病如癫痫、脑炎、意识障碍等的诊断中有十分重要的应用价值。近年来,定量药物脑电图利用计算机的强大运算能力和功率谱分析技术,计算药物引起的脑电图相应波段的功率占总功率的百分比的变化,因为脑电变化具有药物剂量相关性,因此可用来指导临床用药。经皮穴位电刺激作为一种无创、安全有效的镇痛方法,具有良好的临床前景。右美托咪啶作为一种α肾上腺素能受体激动剂,具有镇静、镇痛、抗焦虑等作用,由于其本身呼吸抑制少,可产生近似自然状态的睡眠并保留唤醒功能等优点而广泛应用于术中镇静镇痛及ICU镇静等,特别是经鼻给药方法,由于其方便性、无创性、患者舒适度高等优点而在临床工作中正逐步推广开来。对于右美托咪啶临床应用的各方面,临床工作者一直没有停下研究的脚步。就右美托咪啶的药理作用、局麻手术中的应用现状、经皮穴位电刺激对脑电图的影响及脑电图用于药物麻醉深度监测研究的现状进行综述。

Electroencephalogram（ECG） as a safe,noninvasive medical detective method,since its rise in 1980 s,has a very important application value in diagnosing many cranial nerve and tissue diseases,such as epilepsy,encephalitis and disturbance of consciousness.Recently,quantitative pharmaco electroencephalogram（QPEEG）,relying on computer ＇s powerful computation ability and power spectrum analysis technology,was applied to calculate the change of the percentage of corresponding band power of drug-induced ECG from total power.Because EEG changes with doses it can guide the clinical medication.Transcutaneous electrical acupoints stimulation（TEAS） as a noninvasive,safe analgesia method,has a good clinical perspective.dexmedetomidine,as a α-adrenergic agonists,has sedative,analgesic and anti-anxiety effect.On account of its low respiratory depression and its ability,it generates an approximate natural state of sleep as well as keeps the arousal functioning and other advantages,and thus it is widely used during operation and in ICU for sedation and analgesia,particularly the nasal administration method.Because of its convenience,non-invasive,high comfort and other advantages,it is gradually being popularized in the clinical work.Clinical workers have never stopped studying on the clinical application of dexmedetomidine in all aspects.This article reviews the pharmacological effects and the application status of dexmedetomidine under local anesthesia status,the effects of TEAS on EEG and the research status of applying EEG to monitor anesthesia depth.