抑制冷表面结霜的研究进展

Progress of anti-frosting on cooling surface

结霜是航空航天、各种制冷、低温工程、热泵系统等领域中的常见现象,它通常会增大表面热阻,导致各类强化换热方式失效,降低设备安全性能及运行效率,融霜过程还会增加能源消耗。因此,迫切需要结合冷表面上的结霜机理,探索出行之有效的抑霜方法,使结霜问题从根本上得到解决。文章对目前抑制冷表面结霜的现有技术进行了综述,包括使用外场对结霜过程的影响,改变冷表面特性抑制结霜过程,降低来流湿度来控制结霜现象等方法,最后对现有的抑霜技术及还未来研究方向进行了总结。

Frost is a common phenomenon in nature,aerospace,refrigeration,cryogenic engineering and heat pump system etc.Frost always increases the surface thermal resistance and results in both the failure of heat transfer enhancement and the decrease in equipment safety and efficiency.And the process of defrosting will increase the energy consumption.Therefore,researchers need to combine the mechanism of frost on the cold surface to explore the effective methods of restraining frost and fundamentally solve the frost problem.In this paper,the current technology of frost suppression on the cold surface are reviewed,including the effect of external field on the frosting process,the inhibition of frosting process by changing the surface properties and controling the frosting phenomenon by reducing the flow humidity.In the end,the existing anti-frosting technology and the future research directions are summarized.