皮革中二氯甲烷萃取物含量测定抽提装置的改进

Modification of Soxhlet Extractor for the Determination of Oil Content in Leather with Dichloromethane

皮革中二氯甲烷萃取物的测定是指采用传统的索氏抽提器,用二氯甲烷作为有机溶剂萃取皮革中的油脂含量,以用于加脂工艺方案、加脂剂应用效果的评估以及成品皮革质量的检验。但是在使用传统的索氏抽提器时,溶剂的挥发会影响操作者的健康并污染环境。因此本研究对传统的索氏抽提器进行了改进,引入临时储液筒、四氟聚乙烯阀与独立的虹吸筒,然后采用改进的装置,进行皮革中二氯甲烷萃取物含量测定。实验结果表明改进后的装置油脂抽提效果与原抽提器所测得的实验结果一致,且回流速度更快,溶剂挥发少,油脂回收更干净;临时储液筒与四氟阀连用使抽提速率控制更加灵活,通过阀门开关实现实验溶剂的回收,有效减少了有机溶剂二氯甲烷的挥发,减少了对实验人员健康的伤害和对环境的污染。

The determination of dichloromethane extractives in leather refers to the use of traditional soxhlet extractor,using dichloromethane as organic solvent extraction fat content in leather, for the evaluation of fatliquoring process,fatliquoring agent application effect and the quality inspection of finished leather. But the volatilesolvent will affect the health of the operator in the use of traditional soxhlet extractor.In this study, improvement has been made to modify traditional soxhlet extractor through introducing a temporary liquid receiver, a valve made ofpolytetrafluoroethyleneand a singlesiphon cylinder,then the dichloromethane extractive in leather was determined with this improved equipment. The experimental results show thatcompared with the traditional soxhlet extractor, the improved instrument has the same result but with a fasterback-flow velocity and lesssolventevaporation. The combination of the temporary liquid receiver and the valve makes it more flexible to control theback-flow velocity and makes it possible to separate most of the solvent from the sample in the end which can reduce the negative impacts on human body and environment pollution due to the evaporation of the solvent.