两百余载薪火旺 新凤又胜老凤声——中国京剧的译介研究

New Developments in Translating Peking Opera

京剧是中华民族的国宝,要让世界了解、接受和欣赏,离不开京剧译介以及相关的翻译研究。文章通过梳理中国京剧的译介历史,提出了中国京剧译介的多元多维之途——既包括英语京剧的改良实验,也包括传统字幕译配和配音戏曲,还包括综合性的文本翻译。作者借助西方戏剧翻译理论中的"可表演性"原则,重点分析和探讨了英语京剧的特点、优势以及局限性。就戏曲的译介效果而论,英语京剧仍然有其存在的必要性和积极作用。总之,政府引导、商业运作加上学界关注,国内积极"译出",配合国外主动"译入",中国传统戏曲艺术的流光溢彩和中国文化的博大精深,才有可能最全面、最生动、最直观、最真切地展现在国外观众和读者面前。

Peking opera is recognized as one of the Chinese national cuhural treasures. Without theater translation and the relevant studies, the introduction of Peking opera to the outside world would be few and far between. This paper first reviews the historical track of the overseas travel of the traditional Chinese opera. It then proposes the multi - dimensional translation strategy of Peking opera, including the overseas English performance, the subtitled or dubbed performance, the comprehensive script translation and etc. The research also explores the loss and gain of the English performance of Peking opera from the vital perspective of performability, and points out that the disputed English performance is in one way or another conductive to cater for the local audience. This paper heightens such an awareness that an efficient introduction of Peking opera to the world relies on the efforts of many and an open mind above all.