微润灌条件下广西山区主要土壤水分运移规律研究

Research on Soil-water Movement Characteristics of Guangxi Main Soil under the Condition of Moisture Irrigation

微润灌是广西山区近年来得到较大推广的灌溉技术。在广西山区选择砂土、壤土和黏土等3种典型土壤,并开展微润灌在这三种土壤条件下的土壤水分运移规律研究。试验结果表明:1在地埋黏土、壤土和砂土以及0.10 MPa工作压力条件下,微润管的单米流量分别为0.24、0.31和0.43 L/h,分别为地表自由出流的38.10%、49.21%和68.25%;2微润管在黏土的水分运移形状基本为圆形,砂土和壤土的湿润形状为上小下大的椭圆形;3同等条件下,水分在砂土的水平和垂直向下运移速率最大,壤土次之,黏土最小;4在土箱相同位置,黏土的土壤含水率最大,壤土次之,砂土最小;5根据微润管的土壤水分运移规律,提出微润管在砂土、壤土和黏土的适宜埋深分别为10、15和20 cm。

Moisture irrigation has already been applied to hilly areas in Guangxi. This experiment simulates the condition and irrigation sched-ule of sandy soil, loam soil and clay soil under the condition of moisture irrigation. The results show that： （1） on the condition of 0.10 MPaand under ground of clay, loam and sand, the flow of moisture tube are 0.24,0.31 and 0.43 L/h · m.（2） The shape of water transport in claywas round, and The shape of water transport in sand and loam is ellipse.（3） The soil-water content in the clay soil is higher than that in theloam soil, in which the sandy soil is the lowest. （4）The migration velocity of soil-water in the sandy soil is higher than that in the loam soil,in which the clay soil is the lowest and the variation law of soil-water content is basically consistent. （5）Based on the results of this experi-ment, the capillary of sand, loam and clay in sugarcane areas＂ reasonable depths should be 10,15 and 20 cm.