豆粕挤压预处理工艺研究

Pretreatment process of soybean meal by extrusion

以食用豆粕为原料,使用FHME36智能型双螺杆挤压机将豆粕在低温条件下进行挤压预处理。在单因素试验基础上,利用Design-Expert软件,采用中心组合试验设计,建立数学模型,确定了豆粕挤压预处理(第一次挤压)的最佳工艺参数:物料含水量46%,螺杆转速201r/min,喂料速度21.8kg/h,机筒温度99.5℃,在此条件下,持水率为2.12。红外光谱显示其大豆蛋白β-折叠含量增加,扫描电镜显示豆粕内部球状紧密结构变成片状孔洞结构,在一定程度上达到了预处理效果。试验表明通过挤压技术对豆粕进行预处理具有可行性。

Using edible soybean meal as raw materials, ,the FHME36 intelligent double screw extruder was utilized in preprocess of the raw materials at low tempreture. On the basis of single factor experiment, the central composite experimental was used to determine the optimum parameters of the pretreatment of the soybean meal in the first extrusion process by Design-Expert software and mathematical models. Results indicated that the optimum technological parameters were., material moisture of 46% ,screw rotation speed of 201 r/min, feeding speed of 21.8 kg/h, barrel temperature of 99.5℃. Under the above conditions,the water holdup was 2.12. Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy suggested that its β-sheet increased while the globular structure became flake and porous structure in certain degree, achieving the effect of pretreatment. The experiment results showed that the pretreatment of soybean meal was feasible by extrusion.