长沙烟区烟稻复种体系晚稻肥密互作效应研究

Study on Interaction Effects of Fertilizer and Density on Late Rice after Tobacco in Tobacco-Rice Rotation System in Changsha Tobacco Area

为明确长沙烟区烟稻复种体系烟后晚稻的适宜施氮量和种植密度,以丰源优299为材料,于2013-2014年在湖南省长沙市浏阳市开展了烟后晚稻的肥密互作效应研究。结果表明:烟后晚稻全生育期因施氮延长2d,与密度无明显关系;水稻LAI整体随施氮量和密度增大而提高,但是施氮量和密度间存在互作效应,且两年的互作效应有差异;烟后晚稻叶片SPAD值因施氮而明显提高,与密度关系不大;水稻产量构成因素中,千粒重较稳定,不因密度与施氮量变化而发生显著变化;密度与施氮量对烟后晚稻产量构成因素有明显互作效应,较低密度(152 000~200 000穴/hm^2)条件下,有效穗数、穗粒数和产量随密度和施氮量增大而明显提高,而较高密度(210000~300000穴/hm^2)条件下,结实率随施氮量增大而增大,有效穗数、穗粒数和产量随施氮量增大表现先升后降趋势,密度300 000穴/hm^2、施氮90kg/hm^2处理表现最好。

In order to explore the optimal nitrogen application rate and planting density of late rice after tobacco in tobacco-rice rotation system in Changsha tobacco area, the interaction effects of fertilizer and density on late rice after tobacco were studied with Fengyuanyou 299 as material in Liuyang, Changsha in 2013-2014. The results showed that the whole growth duration of late rice after tobacco was prolonged 2 days by nitrogen application, while which had no relation to density. LAI of rice increased with the increment of nitrogen application rate and planting density, while there existed interaction effect between nitrogen application rate and planting density which showed difference between two years. SPAD value of leaves of late rice after tobacco significantly increased by nitrogen application, while which was not related to density. In yield components of rice, 1000-grain weight was relatively stable, which showed indistinctive change with the change of nitrogen application rate and planting density. The interaction effects of nitrogen application rate and planting density on yield components of late rice after tobacco was significant. Under the lower density （152 000-200 000 hill/hm^2）, effective panicles, grain number per panicle and yield increased with the increment of nitrogen application rate and planting density. Under higher density （210 000-300 000 hill/hm^2）, seed setting rate increased with the increment of nitrogen application rate, while effective panicles, grain number per panicle and yield increased first and decreased afterwards, and interaction effect of 300 000 hill/hm^2＋N 90kg/hm^2 was the best.