工艺参数和搅拌头尺寸对2024铝合金和AZ31镁合金异种金属搅拌摩擦连接接头性能的影响

Effects of Joining Parameters and Tool Geometry on Properties of Friction Stir Welding Joint of 2024 Aluminum Alloy and AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

研究了2024铝合金与AZ31镁合金的异种搅拌摩擦连接工艺,并获得了良好的3mm板材对接接头。采用5种不同的工艺参数和两种不同尺寸的搅拌头进行加工。研究了不同工艺参数对接头微观组织、拉伸强度和硬度分布的影响。结果表明,使用15mm轴肩的搅拌头能够获得无缺陷的接头,在转速500r/min、连接速度500mm/min的工艺参数下,显微硬度分布均匀,材料边界明显,异种材料间的机械锁和结构增大了接头强度。在转速300r/min、连接速度30mm/min的工艺参数下,拉伸断裂位置位于铝合金一侧的热机影响区和材料混合区的交界处,虽然接头存在金属间化合物,但充分的材料混合使接头拉伸强度与前者相当。

Defect-free butt joints of 2024 Al alloy to AZ31 Mg alloy plates with 3mm thickness were performed using friction stir joining（FSJ）.The joining was carried out at five different parameters and using two kinds of geometric shape tools.Effects of joining parameter on microstructures,tensile strength and hardness distributions of the joints were investigated.The dissimilar joint presents an even microhardness distribution and obvious material boundary with a rotation speed of 500r/min and joining speed of 500mm/min and using a tool with 15 mm diameter shoulder,existence of mechanical lock and no intermetallic compounds was found.At rotation speed of 300r/min and jointing speed of 30mm/min,the fracture position is located at the boundary of materials mixed area and TMAZ on Al alloy side,the joint presents approximate tensile strength compared to the former due to dissimilar materials mixing although massive intermetallic compounds exist.