基于降低走行轮偏磨损的单轨车辆结构参数优化研究

Influence research of structural parameters on running wheel shoulder wear of the monorail vehicle

针对跨座式单轨车辆走行轮偏磨损严重问题,建立了具有三向附着接触对的跨座式单轨车辆空间耦合动力学模型,以单轨车辆走行轮至转向架结构中心距、导向轮与稳定轮定距作为设计变量,确定了使车辆具有良好通行性和运行稳定性的约束条件,建立了以与走行轮偏磨损成正比的走行轮侧倾角和侧偏角为双目标的优化数学模型。以第二代非劣排序遗传算法为优化方法,在单轨车辆曲线通过工况下,进行了以降低走行轮偏磨损为目的的双目标优化研究,并从参数优化匹配角度,提出了抑制走行轮偏磨损的控制方法。优化结果表明:在满足给定约束条件下,当单轨车辆走行轮至转向架结构中心距、导向轮及稳定轮定距等参数达到最优解时,各走行轮侧倾角、侧偏角及侧偏力均有一定幅度的下降,从而改善了走行轮偏磨损情况。

As serious shoulder wear of monorail vehicle running wheel, a spatial coupled dynamics model of the monorail train with three-direction adhesion attach was established, the wheelbase of running wheel between the bogie center and running wheel axis, steering wheel and stable wheel related with shoulder wear were set as decision variable. The constrain, which satisfied the curve passing and stability characteristics of the monorail were established. The incline angle and slip angle of the running wheel is proportional to shoulder wear were set as dual goal evaluation function. Based on optimization mathematical model, adapting second-generation non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm optimization method, the optimization research on reducing the shoulder wear of running wheel was carried under the monorail curve passing condition. From the perspective of the parameters match, the control method of inhibiting shoulder wear were proposed. Optimization results show： meeting given constraint conditions, when running wheel wheelbase, the vertical distance of the steering wheel and stabilizing wheel achieved optimal solutions, the cornering force,incline angle and slip angle of running wheel were decreased to certain extent. The shoulder wear are improved.