MicroRNAs及其对视网膜新血管形成的作用

MicroRNAs and their effects on retinal neovascularization

视网膜新血管形成常见于糖尿病性视网膜病变、早产儿视网膜病变、视网膜静脉周围炎及视网膜静脉阻塞等缺血性视网膜病变。其病变过程中所形成的迂曲、紊乱及有渗漏性的新生血管，是导致眼内出血、视网膜脱离和视力丧失的重要原因。激光光凝和玻璃体切除手术是目前临床常用的治疗方式，这些方法虽然对于延缓病情进展有一定疗效，但是毕竟属于创伤性治疗。近年来，随着对微小核糖核酸（ microRNAs）的研究逐渐深入，发现不同microRNAs通过调控特定靶基因的表达，而对血管新生的过程发挥重要作用，以microRNAs为基础的治疗为有效抑制视网膜新血管形成提供了新的思路。本文对microRNAs及其对视网膜新生血管的作用做一综述。

Retinal neovascularization occurs in various ischemic retinopathy, including diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, retinal periphlebitis and retinal vein occlusion. The tortuous, disordered and leaky new blood vessels produced in this pathological process of diseases, are the main cause of intraocular hemorrhage, retinal detachment and even visual loss. Although current clinical treatments, including laser photocoagulation and vitrectomy, have certain curative effect to delay the progress of neovascularization, they are invasive treatments. Recently, along with the deep studies of microRNAs, it is found that different microRNAs play important roles in the angiogenesis process by regulating the specific target genes, therapy that based on microRNAs provides a new idea for effective inhibition of retinal angiogenesis. This article reviews on microRNAs and its function in retinal neovascularization.