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中性面部表情的积极和消极评价性条件反射的建立 被引量:1

The establishment of positive and negative evaluative conditioning reflex of neutral facial expression
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摘要 目的检验中性面部表情的积极和消极评价性条件反射建立的效果。方法以41名大学生为被试,将中性表情与积极图片(US+)或消极图片(US.)配对多次反复呈现,并进行多种学习结果测量(主观评价:效价和唤醒;生理测量:惊跳反应和皮肤电)。结果学习后,在主观评价上,与积极图片匹配的中性表情(积极CS+)的效价评价显著高于与消极图片匹配的中性表情(消极CS+)和中性表情(CS-),消极CS+的效价评价显著低于CS-[积极CS+(5.05±1.24),消极Cs+(3.73±1.48),中性CS-(4.46±1.04),P〈0.05];在生理指标上,积极CS+的惊跳反应幅度(T分数)显著低于消极CS+和CS-[积极CS+(45.04±5.56),消极CS+(51.44±9.30),中性CS.(54.52±10.60),P〈0.01]。结论中性表情可通过评价性条件反射获得积极和消极效价。但是动机倾向的获得只发生在积极评价性条件反射中。 Objective To examine the effect of positive and negative evaluative conditioning (EC) on neutral faces. Methods The experiment consisted of three phases:baseline phase, conditioning phase, and re-evaluative phase, in which 41 college students participated, watching sequences of neutral faces (CS) pairing to either a positive stimulus (USpos) or a negative stimulus (USneg). Their emotional experiences (valence and arousal) and physiological reactivity (eyeblink startle reflex and skin conductance) were recor- ded. Results (1)In the re-evaluative phase, CSpos was rated significantly more positive than CSneg and CSneut ,while CSneg was rated significantly more negative than CSneut (CSpos (5.05±1.24), CSneg (3.73± 1.48) ,CSneut (4.46±1.04) , P〈0.05). (2)In the re-evaluative phase,the mean startle eyeblink response magnitude(T score) to CSpos was significantly smaller than the responses elicited by CSneg and CSneut ( CSpos (45.04±5.56), CSneg (51.44±9.30), CSneut ( 54.52± 10.60), P〈0.01 ). Conclusion The find- ings suggest that neutral faces can acquire valences and approach motivation through EC.
作者 罗峥 王秋韵 张腾月 邓思雨 Luo Zheng Wang Qiuyun Zhang Tengyue Deng Siyu("Learning and Cognition" Key Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037,China)
出处 《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2016年第11期1023-1027,共5页 Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science
基金 北京市教委科技计划面上项目(KM201310028018) 北京市社会科学基金项目(16JYB008)
关键词 面部表情 中性表情 评价性条件反射 眨眼惊跳反射 主观评价 Facial expression Neutral face Evaluative conditioning Eyeblink startle re- sponse Subjective rating
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