民用飞机试飞阶段人为因素适航审定技术研究

Study on Airworthiness Certification of Human Factor in Flight Test for Civil Aircraft

随着飞机各系统可靠性的不断提高,人为失误逐渐成为系统失效或造成飞行事故的主要因素,已成为设计及适航审定部门关注的重难点问题。当前国内外对于如何验证人为因素是否满足相关适航条款的要求仍处于理论探索阶段。针对上述问题,基于CCAR-25部条款分析试飞阶段民用飞机人为因素适航审定过程,包括基于SHELL模型及T.E.S.T矩阵的人为因素审定条款筛选,基于MOC5&MOC6的试验机符合性验证方法,并基于模糊评判方法给出数据分析实例。本文提出的人为因素适航审定思路及验证方法具有一定创新性,已在试飞阶段ARJ21-700飞机上初步应用,可为后续C919等民用飞机人为因素设计和适航审定提供技术支持和方法保证。

With the development of system reliability for aircraft, human error is becoming one of the main factors leading to flight accidents, as well as the key difficulty and challenge for the design and airworthiness authorized departments. Currently, how to certify the compliance of the human factor is still in the theoretical exploration stage for both at home and abroad. Aiming at above problems, the airworthiness certification process based on CCAR-25 is analyzed, including the selection of 40 regulations relevant with human factor based on SHELL model and T. E. S. T matrix, also the means of compliance（MOC5 ＆ MOC6） for flight test, and finally the data analysis example based on fuzzy evaluation is presented. The proposed thoughts and methods have been applied preliminarily in ARJ21-700 and can provide the technical support for design and airworthiness certification of human factor and ergonomics for other civil aircrafts such as C919.