摘要
我国刑法解释存在形式解释论与实质解释论之争,这种争论与德日形式的犯罪论和实质的犯罪论有某种渊源关系。虽然有学者强调我国的形式解释与实质解释和德日就形式犯罪论与实质犯罪论的解释核心要素,即构成要件不同,但在实质上,在我国引进阶层犯罪论体系的背景下,讨论形式解释与实质解释,其核心仍然是对犯罪成立要件之一的构成要件的解释。从罪刑法定原则、立法与司法之于刑法不同功能以及人权保障的角度看,形式解释立场具有合理性。同时,在客观解释下,对形式解释论强调的排斥一切实质解释的入罪功能的观点进行修正,应当承认"国民预测可能性"判断标准的入罪意义。当然,形式解释或形式判断先于实质判断的位阶关系是以阶层犯罪论体系为存在基础的,提倡刑法形式解释论,必然主张三阶层犯罪论体系。
There have been controversies over formal interpretation and substantial interpretation concerning China’s criminal law interpretation, which originated from the formal criminal theory and the substantial criminal theory in Germany and Japan. Although Chinese scholars emphasized that formal interpretation and substantial interpretation in China are different from those in Germany and Japan in the core elements. In the context of introducing the class criminal theory system,the discussion on the formal interpretation and substantial interpretation should be focused on the elements that constitute a crime. From the perspective of legality principle, and considering different functions of legislation and law enforcement in the criminal law, and human rights protection, the formal interpretation is more reasonable. Besides, based on objective interpretation, we should amend the emphasis by formal interpretation on excluding all incriminating functions of substantial interpretation, and recognize the incriminating significance of“likelihood of national forecast possibility”. Of course, the position relationship of formal interpretation or form judgment anterior to substantial judgment is based on class criminal theory system. Therefore, the adoption of formal interpretation must be based on three-class criminal theory system.
作者
张晓伟
刘绍彬
ZHANG Xiaowei LIU Shaobin(Law School of Lanzhou University, Gansu Lanzhou, 730000, Chin)
出处
《西南石油大学学报(社会科学版)》
2016年第6期57-67,共11页
Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
形式解释论
实质解释论
罪刑法定
国民预测可能性
阶层犯罪论
formal interpretation theory
substantial interpretation theory
legally prescribed punishment
the national forecast possibility
class criminal theory