翻译的创造性忠实思想初探

A Preliminary Study on the Creative Faithfulness in Translation

创造性忠实是在忠实于原作的框架内,追求译作与原作在思想、内容、形式等方面达到一种相对的平衡,并且在尊重原作的基础上注重充分发挥译者的主体性和创造性,其核心就是在忠实中体现创造、在创造中追求忠实。我国翻译界对忠实性和创造性之间的关系的认识经历了一个漫长的过程,总体而言经历了萌芽期、发展期和探索期三个阶段。历史上,学者们对于翻译中的忠实性和创造性的讨论一直没有停止,其中不乏思想极端者,有的因过度强调翻译的忠实性而走向"绝对忠实",有的则过度强调翻译的创造性而走向创造性叛逆。事实上,翻译是一种"有限制的艺术",必须在一定社会文化规约之内进行。

“Creative faithfulness”in translation aims to achieve a relative balance between the source text and the translation version,covering idea,content,form,and other aspects,to bring the translator’s subjectivity and creativity into full play. Its core idea is that translation is a harmony between faithfulness and creativity,namely,creativity is embodied in faithfulness, and faithfulness is sought in creativity. In China,the exploration of the relationship between faithfulness and creativity has undergone three stages：the embryonic stage,the development stage and the exploration stage. Historically,no final conclusion has been reached on the discussion about faithfulness and creativity. From a radical view,some scholars with a heavy emphasis on faithfulness insist on total faithfulness,while others with a strong emphasis on creativity prefer creative treason. Actually, translation,“an art that has its limits”,needs to be conducted according to social cultural norms.