叶适与江西诗学的离与合

Inheritance and Transcendence in the Critical Aesthetics View of YE Shi in Jiangxi Poetics

叶适在学术上反对理学家空谈性理,倡导事功之学。论诗强调文学的政治内容和社会作用,推崇"德艺兼成"的境界。在物与理关系上,认为"物之所在,道则在焉";"理"即"物之理",与黄庭坚的道可以独立于物外、"理"主要指诗的结构布置之观点有离。在诗歌情感传达上,反对"叫呼怒骂",倡导儒家"温柔敦厚"的诗教,则与黄庭坚反对"怒邻骂座"的诗学主张合。叶适肯定了永嘉四灵以工巧清奇救江西末流刻削枯涩之弊、复尊唐体的历史功绩,批评了北宋后期以来诗坛以朴拙为尚的风气。

The author of the paper focuses on analyzing YE Shi＇ s view that objected to the realistic bunkum in academics and proposed the learning about deeds. YE Shi emphasized the political contents and social function of literature and advocated the ＂combination of morality and art skills＂. In the context of the correlation between things and reasons, he believed that ＂where the things exit there are reasons＂. The ＂reason＂ represented the ＂rea- son for existence＂. His concept ＂unity of Tao and Idea＂ was different from HUANG Tingjian＇ s view which insisted that ＂Tao＂ is aloof from the secular world and that ＂Idea＂ is the structure of poems. YE Shi directly opposed to HUANG Tingjian in the matter. Concerning the communication of the poetic emotion, they opposed the ＂swear words＂, but proposed Confucian ＂gentle and kind＂ poetry teaching. YE Shi appreciated the historical achievements of Yongjia four-ling＇ s exquisite aesthetic characteristics, and criticized the simple style of the poetry in the late Song Dynasty.