秸秆不同处理还田对晚稻产量及土壤的影响

The effects of late rice yield and soil by different treatment of straw returning application

【目的】为大面积推广秸秆还田腐熟技术提供科学依据,促进有机废弃物的资源化利用,提高耕地质量。【方法】设3个处理3次重复共9个小区,通过水稻秸秆不同处理还田试验,测定土壤理化性状及晚稻产量的变化。【结果】每处理种植穴数、基本苗差异不大,而不同处理667m2有效穗数差异较大,秸秆还田的处理2、处理3的株高、穗长、总粒、实粒、结实率、千粒重、产量均比对照的处理1高。处理3腐熟剂秸秆还田毛收入最高,效益最好。处理2、处理3的土壤容重都略有下降,以腐熟剂秸秆还田的处理3土壤容重下降最大,达1.28g/cm3,比实施前及对照处理1下降了0.03g/cm3。以秸秆腐熟剂还田的处理3有机质含量提高最为显著,达到35.5g/kg,比对照处理1提高了3g/kg。而无秸秆还田的对照处理1土壤有机质、有效磷及速效钾等养分含量均下降。【结论】腐熟剂秸秆全量还田产量最高、经济效益最大、土壤理化性状明显改善、土壤肥力明显提高,值得大力推广。

【Objective】 In order to provide the reference for the paddy rice straw returned rotten technology promotion, advance the resource utilization of organic wastes, improve the quality of cultivated land.【Method】Conducted field contrast test,Set 15 blocks of three treatment with 3 replications, applying different treatment of straw returning application, analysis the change of soil physical chemical properties and late rice yield;【Results】The test results show that, compare with control treatment 1, the treatment of 2, 3 with straw returned have follows advantages： plant height, ear length, total grain, effective grain, seed setting rate and grain yield are higher than the control treatment 1. The control treatment 1 which without straw returned have the follows advantages： soil organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and other nutrient content decreased.【Conclusion】The rotten straw returned to the field wholly have the follows advantages： highest yield, best economic benefit, obviously improve soil physical and chemical characteristics, obviously increase soil fertility, which is worth promoting.