农作物秸秆资源化利用现状及建议——以钦州市为例

Current status and advice for crop straw resource utilization——Case study of Qinzhou City

【目的】大力推进农作物秸秆资源化利用,努力实现生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的协调。【方法】实地调查钦州市农作物秸秆资源利用现状,分析农作物秸秆还田情况和农作物秸秆资源化利用存在的问题。【结果】秸秆综合利用方式主要为直接还田、作为饲料、作燃料、作原料及焚烧;秸秆综合利用特点:秸秆还田量占资源总量的72.4%,作饲料用量占13.9%,作燃料用量占7.6%,作原料用量占0.20%,焚烧及废弃占5.9%;主要粮食作物水稻的秸秆资源量占总资源量的70%,玉米占6%;水稻的秸秆的还田用量占74.2%,高于其他作物的还田量比例;秸秆的综合加工利用量占比很低;主要粮食作物秸秆焚烧及废弃量占比相对其他作物较低。主要农作物秸秆还田情况:水稻秸秆直接还田占69.3%,玉米秸秆直接还田占33.6%,其他作物秸秆直接还田占41.6%。主要问题:部分农民思想观念难以转变;技术培训力度亟需加强;秸秆利用产业化规模较小;政策扶持力度小;宣传力度不够。【建议】加强组织领导;加强秸秆资源化利用技术培训;加大资金扶持力度;加强秸秆资源化利用技术推广;加大秸秆综合利用的宣传力度。

【Objective】Devote great efforts to promoting the crop straw resource utilization, efforts to achieve the coordination of ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit.【Method】Conducted field investigation, the current situation of crop straw resource utilization in Qinzhou City,analysis recycled straws situation and existing issues.【Results】The percentage of main crops straw return to field directly： rice straw accounted for 69.3%, corn straw accounted for 33.6%, other crops straw accounted for 41.6%.The main issues are as follows：stereotypes idea existence in some farmers,small scale of crop straw resource utilization,and need to strengthening the technical training,policy supporting,propaganda.【Suggestion】Strengthen organization and leadership;Strengthen the technology training of the straw resource utilization;Increase financial support;Strengthen the popularization of straw resource utilization technology;Increase the publicity of straw comprehensive utilization.