营养对肠道干细胞增殖分化的调节作用

Regulation Effect of the Nutrition on the Proliferation and Differentiation of the Intestinal Stem Cells

肠道上皮细胞功能的发挥依赖于定植在隐窝底部肠道干细胞(intestinal stem cells,ISCs)正常的增殖和分化。ISCs周边细胞及其相关生长因子共同组成了干细胞巢,调控ISCs的功能。来自于肠腔中的营养素也能够作用于肠道干细胞,调节肠道干细胞的增殖功能,从而影响肠道上皮的形态及功能。以Wnt/β-catenin等为代表的信号转导途径参与了上述调节过程。该文综述了近年来不同营养素对肠道干细胞增殖分化的影响,为实现肠道干细胞增殖分化的营养调控提供新的思路。

The function of the intestinal epithelium is depend on the regular proliferation and differentiation of the intestinal stem cells （ISCs） who reside at the base of the crypt. The surrounding cells and their affiliated growth factors consititute the niche for the ISCs, which regulate the function of the ISCs. The nutrients from the gut lumen can also act on the proliferation and differentaion of the ISCs, which may strongly influence the morphology and function of the intestinal epithelium. The Wnt/β-catenin and many other signal transduction pathways are involved in this regulation process. This paper briefly reviewed the recent progress in how the different nutrients regulate the prolifation and differentiation of the ISCs, providing new ideas about manipulation the proliferation and differentiation of the ISCs by means of nutrition.