异质性企业出口、技术创新与生产率动态效应研究

Heterogeneous Firms,Exporting,Innovation and Productivity

本文探讨了异质性企业出口、技术创新与生产率的动态关系。在异质性企业垄断竞争模型的分析框架下,我们构建了企业出口、创新与生产率的动态结构模型,并通过参数化函数形式建立了计量模型。基于2005-2007年中国电子通信行业的企业面板数据,本研究采用biprobit、非线性最小二乘估计等模型对企业出口、技术创新与生产率的关系进行实证研究。研究结果表明,企业出口和创新的决策及其联动作用促进企业生产率的提高;企业的生产率、资本存量、劳动力投入和出口市场冲击是影响企业自选择行为的异质性因素;投资决策的回报随着企业生产率的提高而提高,因此生产率高的企业会自选择做出该投资决策以获得更大利润。我们的研究从理论和实证的视角在一个整体性的框架中验证了自选择效应、出口学习效应和生产率动态效应,同时对中国出口、创新和生产率的现状提出相应政策建议。

This paper investigates the relationship among exporting, innovation and productivity in trade framework of heterogeneity firms. Based on the analysis on monopolistic competition model of heterogeneous firms, we establish a dynamic structural model on exporting, innovation and productivity evolution and further develop an empirical model. Using the firm-level data of the Chinese electronics industry during 2005--2007, we apply biprobit and nonlinear least square estimation to do the empirical research. The results show that exporting and innovation are found to have a jointly positive effect on the plant＇s future productivity. Productivity, capital stock, labor inputs and export market shocks are the heterogeneous motives of self-selection. And the return of any investment in exporting or R^D will increase as the productivity increases so that firms with higher productivity will self-select into the investment to obtain higher profits. This research confirms the hypotheses of self-selection, learning-byexporting and productivity dynamics from theoretical and empirical perspectives and has significant implications for China＇s export and innovation policies.