多重PCR筛选新疆少数民族Fy(a-)、s-稀有血型

Application of multiplex PCR for screening Fy(a-),s-rare blood type in Xinjiang minorities

目的通过分子生物学方法,筛选新疆少数民族献血者样本中Fy(a-)、s-表型,了解这2种稀有血型抗原的分布情况,以解决Fy(a-)、s-稀有血型患者用血问题。方法采用多重PCR体系,以每5份标本混合检测方式,对1 020份无血缘关系健康少数民族献血者的血液DNA标本进行Fyb和S血型抗原基因分型。通过PCR-SSP验证方法,分别检测多重PCR中含有Fy(a-b+)/Fy(a+b+)或S+s-/S+s+阳性标本的高频等位基因Fya或s,从而获得稀有血型Fy(a-b+)或S+s-。结果在1 020例献血者中筛选出稀有血型Fy(a-)89例,s-46例。结论新疆少数民族献血人群中Fyb和S等位基因频率分别为29.66%和21.32%,通过筛选获得的稀有血型数据,为临床输注配合性血液提供了参考资料,并进一步丰富了中国稀有血型库。

Objective To screen rare blood group Fy （ a - ）, s - by molecular methods, and to study the distribution of the two blood groups in ethnic minority blood donors, in Xinjiang, so as to improve the transfusion capability of patients with Fy（ a - ）, s - rare blood group. Methods A multiplex PCR was applied to screen for alleles antigens Fyb and S in 1 020 unrelated healthy Xinjiang minority donors by using a method that involved mixed detection of five samples. Furthermore, the positive samples, including Fy （ a - b ＋ ）/Fy （ a ＋ b ＋ ） and S ＋ s -/S ＋ s ＋ genotypes, were tested via two PCR-SSP assays for alleles Fya and s in order to obtain the rare genotypes Fy（ a - b ＋ ） and S ＋ s -. Results Among 1 020 samples, 89 cases with Fy（ a - ）, and 46 cases with s - were identified. Conclusion The frequencies of Fyb and S alleles were 29. 66% and 21.32% , respectively. The information of rare blood donors obtained from the screening can provide reference for matched blood transJFusion, and further enrich the National Rare Blood Bank of China.