流脑多糖疫苗和流脑结合疫苗的安全性观察

Safety of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine and meningococcal conjugate vaccine

目的比较流脑多糖疫苗和流脑结合疫苗的安全性。方法选择6-18月龄和36-38月龄的常住健康人群,分别随机分为多糖疫苗组和结合疫苗组接种相应疫苗。6-18月龄儿童间隔3个月接种同种疫苗第2剂,接种后进行30 min即时反应和72 h反应的随访观察。结果不论1剂或2剂接种,A群流脑多糖疫苗、A＋C群流脑多糖疫苗和A＋C群流脑结合疫苗均表现出良好的耐受性;总体不良反应发生率为3.44%,均为轻度。各组间差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.80,P=0.67;χ2=0.79,P=0.67;χ2=3.13,P=0.21）。结论流脑多糖疫苗和流脑结合疫苗在儿童中均表现出良好的安全性,建议将流脑结合疫苗纳入国家免疫规划,提高预防效果并扩大菌群覆盖范围。

Objective To observe the safety of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine（ MPV） and meningococcal conjugate vaccine（ MCV）. Methods The healthy resident children at ages of 6 - 18 months and 36 - 38 months were randomly divided into two groups,the MPV group and the MCV group. A second dose can be taken after three months in the children at ages of 6 - 18 months. Observing the side effect in 30 minutes and 72 hours after vaccination. Results Group A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine,group A ＋ C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine and group A ＋ C meningococcal conjugate vaccine at different regimens were well tolerated in children. The total incidence of adverse reactions was 3. 44%. Side effects in three groups were mild which showed no significant difference（ χ2= 0. 80,P = 0. 67; χ2= 0. 79,P = 0. 67; χ2= 3. 13,P = 0. 21）. Conclusion MPV and MCV showed high safety in the children at ages of 6 - 18 months and 36 - 38 months. Bringing MCV into the national immunization programme for children if possible which can improve the effect of preventive and the flora coverage.