中国古代小说中的谶语叙事

The Prophecies Narrative in Ancient Chinese Novels

中国古代小说中存在着大量的具有预言性质的内容,这些内容影响了中国古代小说的叙事模式。带有预言性质的谶语式叙事成分不完全等同于预叙,预叙是对叙事时间的改变,而谶语叙事却并不一定会改变叙事的时间,也不会影响叙事时间或者空间次序的排列。中国古代小说的作者有着双重的身份,一方面充当了说书人,另外一方面是文本的创作者,这使得谶语叙事的出现有了基本的条件。谶语叙事彰显着中国文化的独有色彩,与儒家思想密不可分。天人合一观念的逐渐渗透,使人们把无法掌控的未来寄托于预测占卜,养成了其特定的思维习惯。谶语叙事的存在,除了体现出小说作者的叙事谋略之外,更多地表现了中国人思维方式的双构性。

There are a large number of ancient Chinese novels with the prediction of the nature of the content,which affect the Chinese ancient novels narrative mode. With nature of prophecy prophecies narrative composition is not exactly the same as the prediction narration. Prediction narration is the change of narrative time,but the prophecies narrative may not change the narrative time,narrative time and space will not affect the order of the arrangement. Chinese ancient fiction writers have a double identity,plays the storyteller,the other one is the text of the creator,this makes prophecies narrative have the basic conditions. The prophecies narrative shows the characteristic of Chinese culture,and has an indispensable link with the Confucian thought. The gradual penetration of the concept of harmony between man and nature,so that people can not control the future lies in the prediction of divination,to develop its specific thinking habits.Prophecies of narrative,in addition to reflect the author of the novel＇s narrative strategy,more show the dual structure of thinking mode for Chinese people.