住院高龄患者主要照顾者对误吸预防的知信行调查分析

Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of Aspiration Prevention among Primary Caregivers of Elderly Hospitalized Patients

目的分析住院高龄患者的主要照顾者对误吸预防的知识、态度及行为现状,并分析三者相关性,为提出针对性护理措施提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选取杭州市3所三级甲等医院神经内科、呼吸内科、老年科与康复科高龄患者的主要照顾者220名,对其进行高龄患者误吸预防的知信行现状调查。结果高龄患者主要照顾者误吸预防的知识、态度、行为得分分别为(28.82±3.22)分、(38.98±3.75)分、(36.04±4.67)分。不同陪护经历的主要照顾者误吸预防知识得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同个人角色、文化程度、陪护经历的主要照顾者误吸预防态度得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同陪护经历、误吸预防教育情况的主要照顾者行为得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高龄患者主要照顾者误吸预防的知识、态度及行为得分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论高龄患者主要照顾者误吸预防态度尚可,但误吸预防知识及行为水平较低。医护人员需加强高龄患者主要照顾者误吸预防知识学习,提高临床照护能力,减少高龄患者误吸的发生。

Objective To investigate the status of knowledge,attitude and practice（KAP） of aspiration prevention among primary caregivers of elderly patients,and to analyze the correlation among the three in order to provide the evidence for targeted nursing.Methods Totally 220 caregivers of elderly patients were recruited from neurology,respiratory department,geriatrics and rehabilitation department of 3 Class Ⅲ Grade Ⅰ hospitals in Hangzhou,and investigated with a self-designed questionnaire.Results The average scores of knowledge,attitude and practice of aspiration prevention were 28.82 ±3.22,38.98±3.75 and 36.04±4.67 respectively.Knowledge score of aspiration prevention from primary caregivers with different care experiences indicated statistical significance（P〈0.05）：the score of attitude was significantly different among caregivers with different personal roles,educational background and care experiences（P〈0.05）;the score of practice was significantly different among caregivers with care experiences and training experience（P〈0.05）.The scores of knowledge,attitude and practice about aspiration prevention among primary caregivers of elderly patients were positively correlated with each other（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Caregivers of elderly patients hold positive attitude toward aspiration prevention,but their knowledge and practice need to be further improved.It is advisable to improve their knowledge and the ability of clinical care to reduce the incidence of aspiration in elderly patients.