宋初进士行卷考析

Research on Jinshi Line Volume in Early Song Dynasty

宋初,沿袭了唐、五代以来的行卷之风。行卷在科举考试中能发挥重要作用,究其原因,主要是科举制的不完善、考生中举的压力、官员乐于延誉后进以及行卷双方的利益关系等。因通过行卷而缔结的关系网是赵宋统治者所忌惮的,所以宋王朝开始采取各项措施,抑制行卷在科考中的作用。此后,随着科举制的不断完善,行卷最终走向消亡。行卷从盛行到消亡,既是科举制良性发展的必然选择,又是宋代官僚政治制度逐步走向理性化的表现。

In the early Song dynasty, the style of line volumes had been inherited since the Tang and the Five Dy- nasties Period. The reason why the line volume could play an important role in the imperial civil service examina- tion was mainly because of the imperfectness of the imperial examination system, the candidates＇ pressure to pass the provincial civil service examination, the officials＇ willingness to make their names well known and the conflict of interest between the both sides with the line volume, etc. The relationship nets set up by the line volume were feared and restricted by the rulers of the Song Dynasty, so various measures to restrain the role of line volume in the imperial civil examination were taken in the Song kingdom. Since then, with the constant improvement of the sys- tem, line volume eventually died out. The prevalence to extinction of the line volume was not only an inevitable choice for the development of the imperial examination system, but also an embodiment of the gradual advancement of the bureaucratic political system of the Song Dynasty leading to rationality.