明清徽州族规家法的特征与功用探析

Characteristics and Function of Clan Regulations and Family Disciplines of Huizhou in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期的徽州在科举、商业、文化、思想、科技等各个领域都取得了显著成就,这与当时徽州宗族利用族规家法对民众教化、规劝有很大关联。明清时期徽州宗族制定的族规家法具有类型齐全、功能具体,通俗易懂、适用性强,与时俱进、不断完善等特征。徽州宗族把"修身、齐家、治国、平天下"的理念化为民众须时刻遵守的族规家法,对提高民众道德修养、规范自身行为,调解宗族关系、保证宗族和睦,遵守国家法律、践行太祖圣谕,净化社会风气、稳定社会秩序等方面都起到了重要作用。

Huizhou in the Ming and Qing Dynasties had achieved remarkable success in the imperial examinations,business,culture,ideas,technology and other fields.This was mainly due to the clan regulations and family disciplines on people＇s education and persuasion by the Huizhou clan at that time.These clan regulations and family disciplines were diversified,concrete and applicable,and they were easy to understand and keeping pace with the times.With the concept of＂self-cultivation,family regulation and state ruling＂,these clan regulations and family disciplines obeyed by the Huizhou clan at all times played an important role in improving people＇s morality and regulating their own behaviors,mediating clan relations and ensuring clan harmony,complying with national laws and implementing Taizu imperial edict,and purifying the social atmosphere and stabilizing the social order.