明清时期淮安地区河漕治理与河神信仰

Canal Transport Governance and River God Belief in Huai'an Area in Ming and Qing dynasty

明清时期淮安地区黄、淮、运交汇,既是漕运枢纽和河工重地,亦是河神信仰极为盛行的地区。黄河水患的严重危害以及漕运、治河的现实需要是导致河神信仰盛行的主要原因。信仰种类的多样性以及强烈的正统性是河神信仰的最为显著的特征。河神信仰的盛行对明清国家的漕粮运输和河漕治理活动产生了重要影响,对河神的崇祀成为河漕官员面对河患及漕运险阻时的集体反应。河神信仰主要服务于明清国家漕运、治河的现实需要,官方的政策和态度成为影响其盛衰的重要因素。

In Ming and Qing dynasty,Huai＇an area lay in where the Yellow river,Huai river,and the canal converged together,so this area was the hub of water transport and important site for river projects,and also where river god faith prevailed mostly. The serious damage caused by the inundation of the Yellow river,and the realistic need for canal transport and river governance,were the main reasons that led to the prevalence of river god faith.The variety of the types of faith and the evident orthodoxy were the most prominent characteristics of river god faith.The prevalence of river god faith produced important influence on the water transport of grains and the river governance in Ming and Qing dynasty,and worship to the river god became the collective response for the officials in charge of river transport when facing the flooding or difficulties in river transport. River God faith mainly served the realistic need for river transport and river governance in Ming and Qing dynasties,and the official policies and attitudes were the important factors that influenced its vicissitude.