毕节铅、锌矿区重金属污染及优势植物累积特性分析——以毕节妈姑和金钟铅、锌矿区为例

Heavy Metal Pollution and Accumulation Characteristic of Advantage Plants in Lead and Zinc Mine of Bijie——Taking Magu and Jinzhong Lead and Zinc Mine in Bijie as an Example

重金属的开采和冶炼不仅破坏生态平衡,而且严重威胁人类的健康。以毕节地区2个铅锌矿为研究对象,采用现场采样、室内分析的方法,调查研究了该地区土壤及优势植物中重金属含量。结果表明:研究区土壤主要受到Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd四种重金属污染,其中,Cd污染最为严重,Pb、Zn为轻度污染。优势植物重金属含量测定表明,野艾蒿属于重金属富集型植物,苦苣菜属于规避型植物,马刺蓟属于根部囤积型植物。以上几种优势植物对重金属均具有一定的耐性,可以作为铅锌矿区弃地植物修复的优选物种。

Mining and smelting of heavy metals not only destroy the ecological balance, but also threat-en the health of human beings. We considered 2 research object of lead-zinc mine as the research object in Bi-jie, using field sampling and method of laboratory analysis, and the contents of heavy metals and dominantplants were investigated in soil. The results showed that the soil in the study area was polluted by Zn, Cu, Pband Cd element, among which, the Cd pollution was the most serious, and Pb, zinc for light pollution. Analysisof heavy metal content of dominant plants showed and Artemisia lavandulaefolia which belongs to the metal en-richment plant, the Spurs thistle is hoarding types of plant roots, Sonchus oleraceus belongs to metal evadetype plant. These dominant plants had some patience to the heavy metals, and could be used as the preferredspecies for the phytoremediation of abandoned land in lead and zinc mining areas.