具有四个简并基态原子的人造规范势

Artificial Gauge Potentials with Neutral Atoms in Four Degenerate Interstates

研究激光场作用下的具有四个简并基态和一个激发态原子的行为。在简并基态和激发态构成的基矢下,对基态和激发态间的耦合作用量对角化。结果表明,由于暗态依赖于坐标,包含矢量势和标量势的人造势场出现在暗态构成的亚空间中。特别是,证明了利用具有角动量的正交激光束,可以获得一个有效的具有类磁单极的磁场。

The behavior of the atom with 4 degenerate ground states and an excited state under the interac- tion of laser fields is studied. The results show that in the subspace of the dark states an artificial potential including vector potential and scalar potential emerge due to the position dependent of the dark states. In particular, it is proved that using orthogonal laser beams with orbital angular momentum, an effective magnetic field that has a monopole component can be generated.