水分胁迫对赤霞珠葡萄果实品质的影响研究

Effects of Water Stress on Qualities of Cabernet Sauvignon

试验以3 a生赤霞珠为材料,根据黎明前叶片的基础水势(Ψb),设置轻度水分胁迫(T3)、中度水分胁迫(T2)和重度水分胁迫(T1)3个处理,以无水分胁迫为CK,研究了赤霞珠葡萄需水规律及水分胁迫对其品质的影响。结果表明:赤霞珠葡萄自2014年4月5号萌芽至9月25收获,全生育期共计168 d,累计需水624.68 L/株。其中,萌芽-盛花期需水147.6 L/株,盛花期-坐果期需水23.31 L/株,膨大期需水233.31 L/株,转色期-成熟期需水220.46 L/株。水分胁迫并不能改变赤霞珠葡萄品质形成规律,其中,重度胁迫能影响总酸及总酚积累速率,轻度水分胁迫不仅节水28.37%,而且导致浆果成熟度提高了6.66%,总花色苷增加了22.58%,单宁增加了29.70%,总酚增加了15.13%,新梢生长量降低了15.20%,单株增产了7.2%。

The triennial Cabernet Sanvignon was used as material in the experiment, and three treatments with different water stresses was set based on the pre-dawn leaf water potential （ Ψb ）, including light drough （ T3 ）, middle drought （ T2 ）, severe drought （ T1）, and no-water stress （CK） as a comparison. The regularities of water requiring and the effects of different Water stresses on qualities of Cabernet Sauvignon were explored. The results showed that： from April 5,2014 （budding stage） to September 20 （harvest stage） , it had been taken 168 days and irrigated 624.68 L per plant in the whole growth stages totally; among them, 147.6 L water per plant were consumed from budding to flower- ing stage, 23.31 L water per plant were needed from flowering to seting stage, 233.31 L water per plant were provided during Berry Expan- sion Period, and 220.46L water per plant were demanded from Veraison to Grape maturity; water stress didn＇t change the regular pattern of quality forming of Cabernet Sauvignon, but severe stress eould affeet the rate of total acid and phenolic aeeumulation ; eompared with normal ir- rigation （624.68 L）, light drought stress （T3） with irrigated 148.44 L per plant and 447.46 L in the whole growth stages, not only saved water by 28.37 percent, but also promoted the inerease of soluble solids by 3.23 percent, berry maturity by 6.66 percent, the reduetion of the total acid by 2.97 pereent, the enhancement of total anthocyanins content by 22.58 percent, the increase of tannin by 29.70 percent and the advance of total phenols by 15.13 percent. Moveover, shoot growth was redueed by 15.20 percent and yield per plant was increased by 7.2 percent.