铯蒸气池内微波场空间分布的高分辨测量

High Spatial Resolution Measurement of the Microwave Electric Field Distribution in Cesium Atoms Vapor Cell

本文通过测量铯原子的电磁感应透明光谱在微波电场作用下的Autler-Townes分裂间隔,获得了铯蒸气池中高分辨率的毫米波微波电场强度空间分布特征。文中使用32.65GHz的微波场共振耦合铯里德堡原子49S_(1/2)态和邻近的49P_(1/2)态,得到铯原子6S_(1/2)-6P_(3/2)-49S_(1/2)阶梯型三能级电磁诱导透明光谱分裂信号。我们测量了射频信号发生器输出功率P_(MW)与Autler-Townes分裂宽度的关系,实验结果表明分裂宽度与电场强度(∝P_(MW)^(1/2))有良好的线性关系。根据此线性关系我们对铯蒸气池一维方向的电场强度空间分布进行了测量,理论上获得的空间分辨率达到λ_(MW)/90。

We presented the high spatial resolution measurement results of microwave electric field in a cesium vapor cell using the spectrum of Rydberg-atom electromagnetically induced transparency.The microwave electric field with 32.65 GHz,which coupled Rydberg state 49S1/2to a neighboring Rydberg state 49P1/2,resulted in the Autler-Townes（AT）splitting of electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy.The linear dependence of Autler-Townes（AT）splitting on the square root of output power of microwave generator was observed in our configuration.According to the above results,we measured the spatial distribution on the direction perpendicular to the axis of cylinder vapor cell.The theoretical spatial resolution was about λ/90 for the millimeter wave.