老年临终患者家属的心理应激及社会支持的调查分析

Analysis of the relationship of social support with the degree of mental stress in the family members of elderly patients at the end of life

目的探讨老年临终患者家属的心理应激和社会支持的关系。方法采用家属心理应激量表(RSS)和社会支持量表(SSRS)对100例老年临终患者家属进行调查,并分析家属的心理应激各维度与其社会支持情况的关系。结果老年临终患者家属的心理应激各维度得分排名依次为生活被扰乱、心理痛苦和负性情感。患者家属的心理应激3个维度与社会支持的实际性支持、讯息与情绪性支持和情感性支持维度显著相关(P<0.05),与社会互动性合作维度无明显相关(P>0.05)。结论在为临终患者及家属提供临终关怀服务时,应重视社会支持状况与家属心理应激之间的关系,提供针对性的护理措施,提高老年临终患者家属的社会支持水平,降低家属的心理应激,从而保障临终患者和家属双方的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the relationship of social support with the mental status of family members of elderly patients at the end of life. Methods Relative Stress Scale（ RSS） and Social Support Rating Scale（ SSRS） were assessed in 100 family members of elderly patients at the end of life,and the influence of the social support on the degree of the mental stress was analyzed. Results The main mental stress were life disrupted,psychological distress and negative affect. There were significant correlation between the mental stress and really social support,the information and emotional support they received（ P〈0. 05）. However,there was no significant correlation between the mental stress and the social interaction（ P〉0. 05）. Conclusions When we provide palliative care to the patients at the end of life and their family members,we should attach great importance to the influence of social support on patients＇ family members who suffer from the psychological stress,and provide them targeted nursing measures,which could alleviate the psychological stress that family members suffer from and improve the life quality of both patients and their family members.