基于灾后重建的国土空间生态优化--以芦山地震灾区灾后重建为例

Ecological Optimization of Land Spatial Pattern Based on the Reconstructions: Take the Reconstructions of Lushan, Sichuan for Example

在GIS支持下,基于芦山地震灾区生态环境敏感性以及生态系统服务功能重要性评估,研究灾区恢复生态系统功能和优化国土空间开发格局的方法,提出灾后重建国土空间优化开发格局的方案,指出各个区域的保护措施和发展方向。按照主要功能定位,优化后的国土空间分为生态保护区、生态农业发展区和生态城镇复合发展区3个区域:1)芦山地震灾区生态保护区,占区域总面积的80.6%,以维护生态安全为目标,保护和恢复区域重要的生态功能,实施生态修复;2)生态农业发展区,约占区域总面积的13.4%,作为重要的农业生产功能区,其主导生态功能为农产品供给保障,同时兼具土壤保持功能;3)生态城镇复合发展区,仅占区域总面积的6.0%,是区域城镇化和产业发展的核心区域,应依据当地发展需求,进行生态城镇化建设,同时注重生态保护。

Based on status assessment of ecological environment and ecological system, this paper mainly analyzed significance and sensibility of ecological functions in Lushan earthquake-hit regions. An optimization program of land spatial pattern for the reconstructions of Lushan earthquake-hit regions was proposed to restore ecosystem function and optimize land spatial pattern. It could be divided into three sub-regions, ecological reserve, eco-agriculture development area, and eco-town development area. Main results are as follows. 1） The ecological protection area is extensive in Lushan earthquake-hit regions, accounting for 80.6% of the total area. In ecological protection area, the protection goal is to maintain ecological security by protect important ecological functions and carry out ecological restoration. 2） The eco-agriculture development area accounts for 13.4% of the total area. As an important agricultural production function zone, the dominant ecological function of this area is to provide safeguard for supply of agricultural products. It also needs providing guarantee of soil conservation function. 3） The eco-town development area only accounts for 6.0% of the total area. This area is the core region of regional urbanization and industrial development. On the premise of protecting ecological, the reconstructions direction is toconstruct the ecological city through optimization industrial structure and distribution.