日语教育中句群的实义切分与信息结构

The Actual Division and Information Structure of Discourse in Japanese Education

信息结构是句子实际意义的切分,它与句群有着天然联系。本文通过对日语句群的信息结构的分析,指出了日语句子的实义切分标准是信息相对于听话人是已知或未知、信息在说话人语流中出现或未出现过、信息在目前是激活状态还是未激活状态、信息的预设或断言的实际情况等四项,同时讨论了句子的实义切分在日语句群教育中的应用。

The information structure is the actual division of sentences, and it has a natural and inseparable relationship with Japanese discourse. By analyzing information structure of Japanese discourse, this article reveals that the criteria about actual division of Japanese sentences are as follows： the information is known or unknown to the reader or hearer; the information appears or not appears in the contexts of speaker; the state of information is activated or not; the information is presupposed or asserted. Meanwhile, the application of the actual division in the education of Japanese discourse is also discussed.