论我国学前教育专业人才培养规格之嬗变

The Evolution of Preschool Education Talents Cultivation Standards in Our Country

我国学前专业人才培养规格历史的基本走向是:清末民初时期的幼儿园教师培养制度初建,建国初期学习苏联幼儿园教师培养经验,改革开放初期提出幼儿园教师培养基本要求,21世纪初期肯定幼儿园教师专业地位,2010年以来幼儿园教师培养迈向标准化。学前教育专业学生培养的规格取向由只重保育到保教结合,由保姆到专业教师,由重理论学习到理论与实践相结合。学前专业人才培养规格从萌芽、形成走向逐渐清晰和成熟。审视和梳理我国学前教育专业人才培养规格的历史演变,总结其发展趋势,旨在准确认识和把握当前学前教育专业的人才培养规格,构建在培养规格科学定位指导下与之相匹配的课程体系。

The development of preschool education talents cultivation standards in our country undergoes 5 stages. In the late Qing and the early Republic of China,training system of preschool teachers was first established. After the founding of People＇ s Republic of China, we tend to learn from Soviet Union＇ s experience in kindergarten teachers training. At the beginning of reform and opening-up, basic requirements of kindergarten teachers training was put forth. In the early 21st century, the professional status of kindergarten teachers was confirmed. Since 2010, the training of kindergarten teachers gradually became standardized. Generally speaking, the training of preschool teacher changes from only focusing on childcare to focusing on both childcare and child education,from the training of child nurse to the training of professional teacher, and from theory-oriented education to theory and practice-oriented education. Reviewing the historical evolution of preschool education talents cultivation standards in our country and summarizing the trends of it, the paper displays a perspective to accurately understand and grasp the preschool education talents cultivation standards at present, and match the curriculum structure with scientific orientation cultivation standards.