心理学视角下的政治认同研究

A Review of Researches about Political Identity in the Perspective of Psychology

政治认同发源于政治共同体成员人格中与所属共同体及亚群体有关的自我认同的叙事建构,是共同体成员对所属共同体及亚群体过去历史、当下主权、现行政体、未来使命的综合的能动性反应,包括认知层面的认可和赞同、情感层面的归属和依恋、行为层面的支持和拥护,表现为不同程度的认同状态,并且会随着人格的成长、自我认同的发展、以及共同体命运的变化而不断变化。政治认同是社会稳定的基础,已有研究多是从政治学、社会学角度对其进行论述,随着近年来大众对社会心态的日益关注,理解政治认同议题中的心理学因素愈显迫切。目前心理学视角下的政治认同研究还处于起步阶段,未来研究需进一步厘清政治认同结构、编制测量工具、探讨形成过程,关注未来预期和移情的影响、关注中国现实问题、以及政治教育的实际效果。

Political identity is the whole initiative response which political community members act on the history,the sovereignty,the current regime,and the future vocation of their community and sub- groups. It is originated from the self identity narrative about the community and sub- groups in their personality,including approval in cognition,ascription in feeling,and acclamation in behavior,presented as different levels,and will change along with the growth of personality,the development of self identity,and the change of community fate. Political identity is very important in social lives,and is the foundation of social stability,which has been mostly discussed from the perspective of politics and sociology. Nowadays,as people pay more attention to social mentality,it’s also more urgent to understand psychological factors of political identity. However,researches about political identity in the perspective of psychology are now in a stage of very beginning. Future researches are supposed to clarify the structure of political identity,revise psychometric instruments,explore forming process,pay attention to people’s future expectation,transference in early years,realistic problems in China,and discuss the actual effect of political education.