电工硅钢材料二维磁特性研究及测量技术相关进展

Research Progress of 2D Magnetic Property and Measurement Technology for Electrical Steel Sheet

取向硅钢因其具有优异的磁特性常应用于变压器铁心。在实际变压器运行工况下,铁心中的局部磁场同时包含交变磁场和旋转磁场,而传统的一维磁特性测量法只能测量电工钢片在交变磁场激励下的磁特性,不能体现旋转磁场下磁性材料的二维磁特性。忽略旋转磁场对硅钢片和铁心性能的影响,会给电气设备分析设计和能耗估算带来较大误差。本文简要阐述了电工钢片二维磁特性测量原理,详细介绍了包括转矩磁力计、十字叠片测量装置、Brix方形单片测量仪、六角旋转测量仪和垂直旋转单片测量仪等典型的二维磁特性测量平台及其优缺点,概述了二维磁特性测量系统主要构成要素及运行原理。在此基础上,提出了目前二维磁特性测量领域在测量平台设计和励磁波形反馈控制过程中存在的问题和改进的方向。

Oriented silicon steel sheets are used in cores of transformers because of their excellent magnetic properties. In the actual running state of electrical transformers, local magnetic field in the cores consists of alternating magnetic field and rotating magnetic field at the same time. However, traditional one-dimensional magnetic measurement can only measure the magnetic property of electrical steel sheet under alternating magnetic field excitation, and 2D magnetic property of magnetic materials under rotating magnetic field cannot be shown. The impact of rotating magnetic field upon electrical steel sheet and performance of cores is ignored, which can bring big errors to electrical equipment design and energy consumption estimation. The principle of 2D magnetic property measurement for electrical steel sheet is briefly explained, typical measuring tables including torque magnetometer, measuring platform for cross samples, tester using square samples, hexagonal rotating loss tester as well as measurement system with vertical yokes and their advantages and disadvantages are introduced in detail, and the main constituent elements and operating principle of 2D magnetic property measurement system are summarized. On this basis, the existing problems and improvement directions of current 2D magnetic property measurement in measuring table design and feedback control of excitation waves are also proposed.