历史唯物主义视域中的马克思主义人类学

Marxist Anthropology in the Perspective of Historical Materialism

马克思主义在产生和发展过程中,与人类学始终具有不解之缘。在形成阶段,人类学为历史唯物主义提供了早期社会研究的支撑,证实了其科学价值,同时亦是历史唯物主义历史叙事深化和拓展的基本路径。20世纪50年代以后,受结构主义等思潮影响,产生了马克思主义人类学动向,这一动向拓展了马克思主义历史理解以及进行当代批评的视野。20世纪80年代以来,在人类学内部产生了诸多受益于马克思主义的新进展,在现代社会批判过程中,马克思主义与人类学的多层次和多维度融合成为基本趋势。在整体上,马克思主义人类学代表着马克思主义理论创新的一个重要方向。

Marxism has been always bonded to anthropology from its origin to today.During the phase of Marxism’s formation,anthropology supported Historical Materialism with the evidence of its researches on ancient society,and basic path for the later to deepen and extend its historical narrative.After the 1950 s,under the influence of Structuralism,Marxist anthropology became one of the most important dynamic fields,which enlarges the vision of historical understanding and current critique for Marxism.Since the 1980 s,there are many new trends benefited from Marxism in the field of anthropology,the union of Marxism and anthropology in different dimensions and levels has been apparent.This paper holds that Marxist anthropology represents an important orientation of current creatives of Marxist theories.