解析网络空间的公众环境诉求:议题、策略及影响

Public Environmental Complaints on Semi-official Online Platform:Issues,Strategies and Influences

网络问政平台是我国公众环境投诉的重要平台,也是我国环境问题集中展示的窗口。本研究采集了2008年到2014年人民网地方政府留言板中35169条公众环境诉求,利用自动文本分析法解析。研究发现,生活环境破坏是目前最受关注的环境问题,主要由城市居民投诉。经济发达、资源丰富的地区在水污染、空气污染和生态破坏方面的诉求明显高于中西部地区。生存困境已经取代健康风险成为环境污染首要的社会经济后果,呼吁/请愿则取代政府调查,成为公众最主要的政策诉求。身份属性、诉求类型会显著影响环境投诉中的社会经济后果与政策诉求偏好,可见公众具有主动性,能强化投诉策略以增强政府回应意愿。

Semi-official online platform is one of the important channels to raise complaints on environment issues in modern China.We collect more than 35 000 environmental complaints from People’s Daily Online platform and use the method of automatic text analysis for study.The results show that living environment destruction is the most concerned environmental pollution issue,mostly raised by urban citizens.Developed and resource-rich provinces make any more complaints on water pollution,air pollution and ecological destruction than any other regions.In recent years,the primary environmental socioeconomic consequence has changed from health risks to survival predicament,while the citizens petition become the most preferred request form instead of government leaded investigation.Finally,our study discovers that the strategies used by citizens in complaining process change with complainers’ identities and complaints types,aiming to strengthen expressive effects and increase government responsiveness.