跨文化传播中的镜像变异:基于《读书》杂志的梭罗真假隐士论争再思考

Mirror Image Deviation in Cross-cultural Transmission:A Reevaluation of the Debate on H. D. Thoreau as a Hermit or a Fake Hermit inDushu

梭罗在中国近九十年的传播历程中,曾引发以《读书》杂志为主要阵营的真假隐士论争。这场激烈的论争其实是个伪命题,因为梭罗从未宣称自己是名隐士。由于思想及其作品在某种程度上类似中国的隐士和隐逸文化,所以梭罗在异域中国的旅行中硬是被扣上了真隐抑或假隐的帽子。从中国隐逸文化的视域出发,部分中国学人从隐居时间、隐居地点、隐居动机和隐居期间的生活方式等方面进行综合考察,结果在历史时空的错位中误读了梭罗,从而造成了跨文化传播中的镜像变异。

In the dissemination of H. D. Thoreau in China over the past 90 years, one heated debate with Dushu as the main platform occurred over Thoreau as a hermit or a fake one. By nature, this debate is a false statement, because Thoreau has never claimed to be a hermit. Being similar to the hermit and Chinese yinyi culture, a visible tendency to detach oneself from society and live in seclusion, Thoreau is arbitrarily judged as a hermit or a fake one. From the perspective of Chinese yinyi culture, some Chinese scholars analyzed the period, place, motivation and lifestyle of Thoeau＇s living alone near Walden, and therefore they misread Thoreau in the spatial and temporal dislocation.